Betrayal in personal relationships refers to the violation of your trust by someone close to you. The betrayal could be your partner's infidelity, or it could be your best friends ...

Betrayal is often considered the worst kind ... easing depression and improving overall mental health by mitigating post-traumatic symptoms. These connections provide a new source of emotional ...

For instance, studies link betrayal trauma to increased PTSD symptoms. Gamophobia then acts as a shield, protecting individuals from potential pain and vulnerability. 2. Fear of loss of independence.