To test for paracrine effects, the researchers infected mice with a mix of MYR1-deficient parasites and either normal or mutant parasites. The MYR1-deficient parasites grew better when normal ...

Their studies revealed its paracrine effect—on cells surrounding the tissue of origin—as it increased lipid breakdown in adipose tissue. 10 Around the same time, other research groups showed that ...

However, existing strategies still cannot mimic such dynamic and complicated paracrine regulation effects in the native physiological processes, hindering synergistic neurovascular remodeling.

Increased production and/or activity of cytokines may be critical for both autocrine and paracrine perpetuation of stellate cell activation. Direct effects on stellate cell matrix production and ...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer the potential for tendon regeneration and improved functional outcome via either direct or paracrine effects. We have therefore investigated the efficacy of bone ...