The glenoid labrum contributes to the stability of the shoulder by increasing the concavity in which the humeral head glides. Anterior, posterior, and multidirectional shoulder instability have ...

Test rationale: peel-back phenomenon of the superior labrum. Summary from systematic review on superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesion tests. The passive distraction test may be used for ...

and rotator cuff tear and deltoid atrophy that may occur when the axillary nerve is injured by shoulder dislocation. In some patients with secondary adhesive capsulitis, there is a decrease in ...