The trade threats could reduce exports to the United States and dampen investment in Europe, dealing a blow to growth at a time when the continent is already facing a lackluster economy.

A stronger dollar and Canadians boycotting the US are leading many to change their travel plans. View on euronews

A top European Union official, who is trying to head off a potential trade conflict, stressed the importance of active engagement and fairness in trade during a four-hour meeting with Trump administration officials on Wednesday.